Source: NARA via Fold3.com
上圖來自於美國海軍提康德羅加號航艦(USS Ticonderoga, CV-14)上的第80艦載機大隊在1945年1月15日攻擊台南安平「一座製鎂工廠」後的戰果報告,參與這次行動的包括第80戰鬥機中隊的F6F-5和第80魚雷機中隊的TBM-3。各位可以跟下面這張當天拍下的照片做對照(點擊照片可放大),在照片的右邊還可看到一架低飛的TBM魚雷機。
The above figure was from the action report filed by CVG-80 based on USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) describing the attack on “Anpin Magnesium Plant near Tainan” on January 15, 1945. Participating in the attack were F6F-5 of VF-80 and TBM-3 of VT-80. Compare the image below with the figure for the details on the damages inflicted. On the right-hand side of the photo, you can even see a low flying TBM torpedo bomber.
Source: NARA via Fold3.com (點擊圖片可放大; Click to enlarge)
其實被攻擊的這座工廠並非一座製鎂工廠,而是由日本的鐘淵曹達株式會社在昭和17年(1942年)興建的化學工廠。下面這張1944年8月25日由美軍飛機拍攝的偵察照片顯示了整個廠區,包括海水儲水池東北邊的宿舍區。歷史悠久的鹿耳門天后宮也在照片中(箭頭所指處),不過當時的規模並不大。為了便於比較時空的演變,涵蓋同一區域的Google Maps就顯示在這張空照圖的下方,有個「P」字的地方就是天后宮。
Actually the plant under attack was not one producing magnesium but a chemical plant. It was set up by the Japanese Kaneka Soda Company (鐘淵曹達株式會社) in 1942 to produce a variety of chemical products. The following August 25, 1944, reconnaissance photo shows the entire factory complex, including the housing area northeast of the pond. The historic Luermen Temple of Heavenly Goddess (鹿耳門天后宮; Temple of Mazu), which was still a relatively small temple at that time, is indicated by the arrow. You may want to compare this WWII photo with the modern satellite image immediately below it.
Source: NARA via Academia Sinica 中央研究院臺灣文史資源海外徵集與國際合作計畫「美國國家檔案館典藏臺灣舊航空照片」
下面這張不同角度的照片攝於1945年1月15日的攻擊行動中,被炸中的廠房可見冒出濃煙。
The oblique photo below was also taken during the attack on January 15, 1945. Smoke can be seen.
Source: NARA via Fold3.com
以下是上圖在天后宮一帶的局部放大。
The image below is the enlarged portion of the photo above around the Mazu Temple.
Source: NARA via Fold3.com
日本戰敗後,這座工廠被中華民國政府接收,之後成立台灣製鹼股份有限公司(簡稱台鹼)。1960年代起開始大量生產五氯酚,這種毒性物質可作為木材防腐劑和殺蟲劑,但因為製程中需要使用水銀(汞),所以汞污泥在這片土地上留下了萬年遺毒。據說廠區內有一條排水溝的戴奧辛濃度高達6410萬pg,創下世界記錄!現在廠區已經被圍籬隔阻,一般人無法進入;周圍的水域也立滿了「嚴禁捕魚」的告示牌。當年宿舍區的日式建築在數十年的風吹雨打下,多已殘破不堪,卻成為新人拍攝婚紗照的熱門景點。天(堂)與地(獄),僅一池之隔。見證二戰烽火的天上聖母,繼續保佑此地的子民為環境而戰。
The factory was taken over by the ROC government after WWII and later became a state-owned company named Taiwan Alkali Industrial Corp. It started to mass-produce pentachlorophenol, a chemical used as a wood preservative and pesticide, in the 1960s. However, the pentachlorophenol had been washed into the soil over the years and as a result, the dioxin concentrations in the surrounding earth was said to be the highest in the world. The factory area is now walled off, fishing in the nearby waters is banned, but the Japanese buildings in the housing area becomes a popular spot for shooting wedding photos.
Source: Google